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Experimental aircraft are used for flight research of the most important scientific and technical problems that open up new directions in the development of aviation, testing new scientific and technical solutions, testing and fine—tuning of individual systems and elements of the aircraft.
The need to create it is caused not only by the inability in some cases to simulate in ground-based experimental installations the entire range of external operating conditions of an aircraft and the entire complex of factors affecting it, but also due to strict requirements to ensure a high degree of reliability of aviation equipment and the high technical and financial risk of introducing potentially promising innovations into practice without their preliminary & comprehensive checks in real-world operating conditions.
These are usually specially built aircraft and experimental modifications of serial aircraft (a flying laboratory or a Flying model).
In addition, it is also possible to include those experimental aircraft that, for some reason, were not brought to the stage of mass production, but were used to accumulate experimental data.
Due to their strange designs and characteristics uncharacteristic of widely known flying objects, they can be mistaken for UFOs.
Williams WASP BBC The Century of Flight exerpt
Author: vlieger007
April 6, 2014
Williams X-Jet (eng. Williams X-Jet) is an experimental aircraft, a single—seat jet flying platform. Developed by Williams International. It was an open cockpit with a vertically mounted Williams F107 turbofan engine (in its modified version).
The device did not have any aerodynamic surfaces to create lift; it, like the horizontal component of speed, was created exclusively by the jet thrust of the engine. The pilot was standing, the control of the device was carried out by deflecting the pilot (and, accordingly, the device) in the desired direction (balancing control) and changing the engine power. During tests conducted by the US Army in the 1980s, the device demonstrated a flight speed of up to 100 km / h and a flight duration of up to 45 minutes, very good maneuverability. The characteristics of the device did not suit the customer (in particular, in terms of speed, payload, range, the device was certainly inferior to light helicopters), as a result, financing was discontinued, and the project was closed.
At the parade in Tushino in 1958
A turbolift is a flying laboratory for testing an engine and a gas jet control system in the interests of creating vertical takeoff and landing aircraft.
It was created in the mid-1950s by the Experimental design Bureau of the Flight Research Institute under the leadership of A. N. Rafaeliants. The tests were conducted in 1957-1959.
The leading test pilot is Yuri Alexandrovich Garnaev. In 1958, this aircraft, piloted by Garnaev, was demonstrated at the air parade in Tushino. The research results were later applied in the construction of the first Soviet vertical takeoff and landing aircraft, the Yak-36, and then the serial Yak-38.
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